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  • AI & Machine Learning, Biology, Computing, Data & AI, Life Sciences
    Abstract Medical trainees depend on diverse visual reference material to develop diagnostic pattern-recognition skills, yet such material is often limited in diversity and accessibility. This paper presents a classifier-in-the-loop generative framework for synthesising realistic histopathology images: a Stable Diffusion v1.5 model is fine-tuned using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) on the PathMNIST dataset, consisting of nine colorectal […]
  • Biology, Chemistry, Life Sciences, Physical Sciences
    Abstract The number of diabetes patients is increasing worldwide, but many cases stay undiagnosed in low-resource regions. The A1C blood test is invasive and costly, therefore it is often not available in these regions. In this research, DiaBreath is proposed as a low-cost noninvasive screening system based on exhaled breath analysis. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) […]
  • Computing, Data & AI, Data Science, Economics, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract Digital commerce platforms compete with local vendors under frictions of time, price, and visibility. We test whether an interpretable choice model with reinforcement and social influence can yield substantial changes in aggregate market share as control parameters vary. We simulate repeated customer choice among vendors using a utility function that combines vendor attributes (price, […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Local businesses are important to neighborhood service access, but access to these services is limited in some areas. This study uses GIS and machine learning to identify possible limited service zones for restaurants and supermarkets across Dublin, Pleasanton, and Livermore in Alameda County, California. The model dataset included 1,134 Alameda County census block groups, […]
  • Health Sciences, Psychology
    Abstract ARFID is a serious eating disorder characterized by persistent and extreme restrictive or selective eating for reasons that cannot be explained by another physical or mental condition, and is not the result of distorted body image. While genetic research on other eating disorders has contributed significantly to advances in biological understanding and treatment development, […]
  • Biology, Neuroscience
    Abstract Teenagers make frequent use of energy drinks yet little is known of the effect their components have on a brain in development. This paper examines caffeine, taurine and HFCS. Since health bodies advise those under 18 to avoid them, I also considered use and awareness of that advice. I reviewed literature from PubMed, Google […]
  • Biology, Life Sciences
    Abstract Humanity’s expectation for the future of medicine is often characterized by the widespread accessibility to new innovative forms of medical treatments. Recently, one of the most rapidly developing fields of “futuristic” medical treatment is the field of regenerative medicine. So, if financial exclusivity in medical treatments is left unaddressed, the fight against socioeconomic disparities […]
  • History, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract Six centuries ago, how did Zheng He’s fleet navigate across the open ocean? The Zheng He Nautical Chart records the Zhenlu–Qianxing (dead reckoning–celestial fix) navigation system. This study simulated the process of this system and conducted an analysis of its navigation performance on the route from Sumatra to Ceylon. A Monte Carlo simulation model […]
  • Biology, Life Sciences
    Abstract  Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a common type of dementia characterized by progressive cognitive decline, and ongoing research delves into distinct pathways of the disease. This literature review aims to understand the mechanisms of ferroptosis and iron homeostasis in the pathophysiology of AD. Literature focusing on ferritin, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), and […]
  • Biology, Earth & Environment, Environmental Science, Life Sciences
    Abstract Background/Objective: International wildlife trade monitoring relies on accurate reporting from both importing and exporting nations. However, regulations built on this data often prove inadequate, as gaps in records allow disease risks to slip through the cracks. This study investigated discrepancies in United States live mammal import tracking data in the CITES Trade Database between […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI, Data Science, Health Sciences, Sports Science
    Abstract Athlete monitoring for injury surveillance in basketball generates a large amount of data pertaining to player health and training. A number of collected variables may be correlated, which makes injury risk analysis challenging. In this study, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based framework was developed for injury risk profiling and evaluated using three publicly […]
  • AI & Machine Learning, Computing, Data & AI
    Abstract Large language models (LLMs) perform well on explicit reasoning tasks, but it is unclear whether they spontaneously flag latent physical hazards in ordinary requests. We present a pilot benchmark of twelve open-ended items, each concealing one hazard that follows from the stated facts, plus two forced-safe controls. Because models answer freely, they receive credit […]
  • Aerospace Engineering, Engineering
    Abstract Rotating detonation engines (RDEs) have emerged as a promising propulsion technology, offering superior thermodynamic efficiency over conventional Brayton-cycle engines due to their utilization of detonation combustion. Annular combustors (with inner and outer walls) are typically used in RDEs. However, hollow—lacking an inner wall—combustors are emerging as a promising alternative due to their potential mitigation […]
  • Biology, Earth & Environment, Environmental Science, Life Sciences
    Abstract Background/Objective: International wildlife trade monitoring relies on accurate reporting from both importing and exporting nations. However, regulations built on this data often prove inadequate, as gaps in records allow disease risks to slip through the cracks. This study investigated discrepancies in United States live mammal import tracking data in the CITES Trade Database between […]
  • Mathematics, Mathematics & Statistics
    Abstract Sudoku, with its complex combinatorial structure, provides a natural NP-hard benchmark for testing optimization models. In this study, we quantitatively compare Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) and Higher-Order Binary Optimization (HOBO). While QUBO is compatible with quantum computers, it is often evaluated on classical simulators known as quantum simulators which calculates with tensor network […]
  • Social Sciences, Social Sciences, Humanities & Policy
    Abstract Sporting activities have proven to be another important site of learning, displaying and challenging hegemonic masculinities. Previous research has, however, mostly considered hegemonic masculinities, inclusive masculinities and the fitness culture of women as separate topics. This study examines relationships among masculine pressures, inclusive masculinity, perceived benefits of participating in sport-related activities and attitudes towards […]

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